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In the past, Portugal and Spain were unified as a single kingdom, but today they exist as two sovereign countries. Though they share a common set of influences, including language and culture, they are well-established as individual nations with some distinct differences. Here are just a few reasons why Portugal is not part of Spain.

1. Economic and Fiscal Autonomy

Both countries enjoy economic independence and economic sovereignty, enabling them to pursue different strategies to maintain economic growth and stability. Portugal has historically had a higher rate of association with the European Union than Spain and often takes a more conservative and moderate approach in its economic and fiscal policy.

2. Diverse Cultures and Identities

The Spanish and Portuguese have distinct and diverse histories, cultures, and identities. This is reflected in their art, architecture, language, and even the food they eat. For instance, in Portugal they eat cozido, a stew-like dish made of several distinct ingredients, while in Spain paella is a popular dish.

3. Unique Geographical Location

Portugal has different strategic advantages due to its positioning in the southwestern corner of Europe. Whereas Spain has its positioning along the Mediterranean Sea and its long southern coastline. It provides Portugal with key elements such as a relatively warmer climate and a direct connection to Africa, which has enabled them to create a strong maritime history and expand its influence through global trade.

4. Different Government Policies

The Spanish and Portuguese governments have different approaches to their social and economic policies. Portugal has a more open and liberal government with a focus on social rights, while Spain is more conservative and restrictive.

These are just some of the reasons why Portugal and Spain remain separate nations. Their differences, whether political, economic or cultural, have enabled them to develop distinct identities and create unique opportunities that distinguish them from their neighbor and help remind the world why they are two separate and thriving countries.